ᱢᱩᱬᱩᱛ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ

ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱥ

ᱱᱚᱸᱰᱮ ᱑᱑᱙,᱑᱙᱒,᱗᱐᱓ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱵᱤᱱ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱚᱜ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱨᱮᱫ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱢᱦᱚᱸ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ।

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ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧ ᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱭᱟ. ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ

Landscape in the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine

^{+/− (sat), +/− (en)}

ᱛᱮᱦᱮᱧᱟᱜ ᱪᱤᱭᱟ. ᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ

A caldera is a large, usually circular volcanic depression formed when magma is withdrawn or erupted from a shallow underground magma reservoir. It is often difficult to visualize how calderas form. In the video a simple experiment using flour, a balloon, tubing, and a bicycle pump provides a helpful visualization to help explain caldera formation.

^{+/− (sat), +/− (en)}

ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱚᱜ ᱢᱮ

ᱵᱨᱟᱣᱩᱪ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ?: ᱫᱟᱭᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱟᱡᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱠᱥᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱤᱝᱠ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱦᱟᱨ ᱢᱮ । ᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱞᱮ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱫᱤᱥᱩᱣᱟ. ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱨᱞᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱦᱚᱪᱚᱭᱮᱫ ᱢᱮᱭᱟ।
ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ.ᱠᱚ?: ᱯᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱟ.ᱠᱷᱭᱟ.ᱛ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱣᱤᱠᱤ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱦᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱩᱱᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱯᱟᱲᱦᱟᱣ ᱢᱮ । ᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱤᱛᱟ.ᱨ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱱᱮᱦᱚᱨᱮᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ।
ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟ.ᱠᱚᱨᱚᱱ?: ᱪᱟᱱᱟᱪ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱥᱩᱢᱮᱫ ᱵᱚᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮᱦᱚ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱤᱱᱦᱟ.ᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱩᱪᱟ.ᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱚᱦᱚᱫ ᱮᱢ ᱢᱮ। ᱜᱟᱞᱢᱟᱨᱟᱣ ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱛᱟᱢᱚᱛ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱟᱢ।
ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱᱤᱭᱟ.ᱢ ᱠᱟ.ᱢᱤ ᱟᱠᱟᱫᱟ? ?: ᱟᱞᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱢ ᱞᱟ.ᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱮᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱢᱮ। ᱵᱟᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱢᱮ.
ᱟᱨᱦᱚ!

Discussion?: See the list of discussion pages.; ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱯᱨᱚᱠᱚᱞᱯᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨᱦᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱨᱮ ᱮᱱᱮᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ , ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱵᱚᱛ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱣ ᱞᱟ.ᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱷᱟᱛᱟᱠ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱫᱩᱣᱟ.ᱨ ᱜᱟᱱᱟᱰᱮ।

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱥ ᱮᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱟᱱ

Chital (Axis axis) stag attempting to browse on a misty morning in Nagarhole National Park.

ᱟᱢ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱥᱮᱫ ᱜᱮᱢ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ-ᱟ, ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱱᱚᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱮᱢ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱢᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱥ ᱢᱳᱵᱟᱭᱤᱞ ᱮᱯᱞᱤᱠᱮᱥᱟᱱ ᱰᱟᱣᱩᱱᱞᱚᱰ ᱢᱮ ᱾

ᱧᱮᱛᱮᱞ

ᱟᱢ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ ᱣᱤᱠᱤ-ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱥ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱤᱭᱟ.ᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱞᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱤᱠ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱱᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱸᱫᱽᱨᱟᱭ ᱢᱮ, ᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱛᱟᱢ ᱵᱟᱪᱷᱟᱣ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ, ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱫᱟᱢᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱦᱟᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱜᱷᱟᱨ ᱮᱛᱚᱦᱚᱵ ᱢᱮ᱾ ᱟᱞᱮᱨᱮᱱ ᱯᱟ.ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟ. ᱪᱤᱛᱟ.ᱨᱤᱭᱟ. ᱟᱨ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱟᱠᱷᱟᱣᱤᱭᱟ. ᱥᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱩᱢ ᱦᱟᱞᱟᱝ ᱮᱱᱮᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱢ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱢᱮᱢ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱵᱟᱫᱟᱞ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱮᱥ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱮᱯᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱚᱱᱮᱢ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾

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